Optimising HVAC Performance with Occupancy-Based Control
Building engineers are looking for smarter ways to manage HVAC systems as energy efficiency and sustainability expectations grow. These systems are among the most energy-hungry components in a building, yet many still run on fixed schedules regardless of actual use. By switching to occupancy-based control, HVAC performance can be significantly improved, cutting costs and enhancing comfort.
What Is Occupancy-Based Control?
Occupancy-based control uses sensors to detect when people are present in a space. Rather than operating on a rigid timetable, HVAC systems can respond in real time to actual occupancy. Heating, cooling, and ventilation only run when needed, which avoids unnecessary energy use and reduces strain on the system.
Sensor placement will vary depending on the layout and function of a space. In office buildings, for example, sensors can be placed in meeting rooms, open-plan areas, and shared spaces to monitor daily usage. This data helps the system adjust automatically, delivering comfort where it’s needed and saving energy where it isn’t.
Why It Works: Key Benefits
The most obvious benefit of occupancy-based HVAC control is energy efficiency. Less runtime means lower energy bills, a longer system lifespan, and a faster return on investment. But there’s more to it than just savings.
This approach can also help improve indoor air quality. Ventilation systems operate only when a space is occupied, maintaining fresh air levels without unnecessary cycling. That not only supports occupant health but also keeps maintenance requirements lower.
The data collected from these systems is also valuable for understanding how space is used by those managing large or shared spaces. It can inform layout changes, maintenance planning, and shape possible investments in future upgrades to the space.
Comfort is also an important factor. HVAC systems often struggle to keep temperatures consistent, particularly in dynamic environments. Occupancy-based control brings precision, allowing the environment to adapt as people move throughout the building. This provides a positive impact on well-being and workplace productivity.
How to Get Started
Implementing occupancy-based control starts with evaluating your existing HVAC system. Then, identify areas where real-time occupancy data would make the biggest difference. These include conference rooms, communal areas, or spaces with variable footfall.
The choice of sensor matters. Infrared, ultrasonic, and microwave sensors have different strengths, so selection should be based on the specific needs of each area and budget availability.
Once the right technology is chosen, sensors should be installed in the most relevant locations. Integration with your existing HVAC control system is critical and may involve software updates or additional hardware. After the deployment, you should conduct system testing, which should be thoroughly tested to ensure it delivers the expected energy and comfort improvements.
Addressing the Common Challenges
As with any retrofit or upgrade, there can be obstacles. Some HVAC systems may need modifications to accommodate new sensor inputs. Working with trusted manufacturers and integration partners helps reduce complexity and avoid unnecessary delays.
Another consideration is the accuracy and reliability of sensors. High-quality sensors and a solid maintenance routine will minimise issues. It’s also important to train your team so they understand how the system works and can troubleshoot any potential issues.
Finally, while occupancy sensors don’t gather personal data, they can raise privacy questions. It’s worth being super transparent with building users about why the sensors are in place and what they’re doing. Clear messaging helps build trust and supports adoption.
Looking Ahead
Occupancy-based control is a practical and powerful way to improve HVAC performance. It cuts energy use, supports sustainability targets, and makes buildings more comfortable. For building engineers, it offers a way to control HVAC operations based on how spaces are used, not on assumptions.
If you’re exploring smarter ways to manage energy and comfort in your building, UMA can help. Our platform combines occupancy data, environmental monitoring, and intelligent automation to deliver measurable results. Get in touch to find out how we can support your HVAC strategy and help you build a smarter, more sustainable workplace.
